Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disorder in which the body’s immune system mistakenly attacks healthy joint tissue, resulting in inflammation and painful joint damage. RA is a chronic and incapacitating illness that generally affects the joints. It is currently a leading cause of disability worldwide.
Effects from rheumatoid arthritis
RA mainly affects the small joints of the hands and feet, but it can eventually lead to damage in other joints and organs, as well. In severe cases, RA can cause deformities and decreased mobility, as well as significant fatigue and general malaise. The most common symptoms are joint pain, stiffness, swelling, and loss of joint function.
Factors causing it
The cause of RA is not known, but it is believed that a combination of risk factors and genetic predisposition plays a role. Risk factors include smoking, being female, being of a certain age, being overweight, having a family history of RA and exposure to certain environmental factors such as industrial chemicals- releasing toxins.
Two categories of rheumatoid arthritis
RA is typically treated with a combination of medications and lifestyle modifications. The medications are usually divided into two categories: non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs). NSAIDs reduce inflammation and pain, and DMARDs slow the progression of joint destruction.
Modifications in daily routine
Lifestyle modifications for RA can include engaging in regular, low-impact physical exercise, as well as following a healthy, balanced diet. Certain lifestyle changes can also be beneficial, including quitting smoking, reducing stress, and managing one’s emotional state.
Additionally, regular visits to a rheumatologist and other healthcare providers can be helpful in monitoring the progression of the disease and identifying potential complications.
Start of rheumatoid arthritis
At the onset of RA, patients may experience pain and swelling of the joints that primarily affects the small joints of the hands and feet. This is caused by the joint lining becoming inflamed, which leads to redness and stiffness around the joint in question. Other common early symptoms include fever, fatigue, and body aches.
Effects if left untreated
When RA is left untreated, painful symptoms may persist and joint damage may be permanent. This includes the erosion of cartilage, tendon, and bone in the joint, irreversible joint deformity, and the appearance of lumps under the skin.
Wide range of treatment options
There is a range of both non-surgical and surgical treatments available to help patients manage the inflammation, pain, and damage associated with RA.
Non-surgical treatments may include medications that help reduce inflammation and slow joint damage, such as corticosteroid drugs and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Other therapies such as physical therapy and occupational therapy can help improve joint function and reduce joint pain.
Tofacitinib uses
Tofacitinib 5mg tablet is a prescription medication used to treat the symptoms of moderate-to-severe rheumatoid arthritis, as well as certain other conditions related to autoimmune diseases. It works by inhibiting enzymes involved in the inflammatory process. In addition to treating rheumatoid arthritis, it has also been used effectively to treat alopecia and plaque psoriasis.
Tofacitinib side effects
Tofacitinib is a medicine commonly used to treat a variety of conditions, most notably rheumatoid arthritis. It is also sometimes used to treat ulcerative colitis and psoriatic arthritis.
As with all medications, there are some potential side effects associated with tofacitinib including nausea, diarrhoea, increased cholesterol or triglyceride levels, and infection. More serious side effects can include liver injury or allergic reactions. If you experience any unusual symptoms after taking tofacitinib, it’s important to get in touch with your doctor right away for further evaluation and advice.
Conclusion
RA is a serious and potentially debilitating condition, although it is typically a manageable one with the right combination of lifestyle modifications, medications, and frequent medical care. It is important for those affected to be educated about the condition and take proactive steps to monitor and manage their condition.
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